Motor-control system



May 15, 1923.

R. T. KINTZING MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed July 30. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 O O O O G O O O O O O O O O O INVENTOR 7ATTIORNEY May 15, 1923. 1,454,853

R. T. K'INTZI'NG MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed July so, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 .25 .23 .26 7 6 45' & ru1r(nn.ru1n 'r'lhnh Him i ATTORNEY Ill reamed May'ls, 1923.

T. KENTZING, OF WILKINSBUP/G, EENNSZ'LVATiiM, ASfiIGEYQB "1'0 WESTINGHOUSE I ELECTRIC 52 BEANUFACTURING C()MPiiLhTii' A GGRPQMTEGE @h PENNEYLVM HQTULhGGlKT'ERQL SYSTEEE.

Application filed July so, 19%.

To @113 whom "52' may concern:

Be it known that l, Reese T.-.KINTZING, c citizen of the United States, and n resident of Willrinshurg, in the county of Allegheny State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Motor-Control Systems, of which the foilowing a specification,

V 'y invention relates to systems of control and it has particular relation s stems for obtaining large starting torque for motors for efiecting relativeiy slight movement of machinery, such for exam is, as in clothprinting apparatus.

Cine object of my invention is to no means for shunting a large portion of 'esistance from an armature circuit o motor when the motor is starting, thereby obtaining great torque and, as soon as relatively slight movement oi the motor is attained, re-inse ting this resistance in the armature circuit and gradually removing it as the armature speed increases.

A second object my invention is to pro vide a novei motor-control system which permits of slow movement of the motordriven machinery when it becomes necessary to make adjustments of the printing; material in the rolls thereof.

in third object of my invention is to provide a control system which will efiect as great a range in speed of a motor as may he desired by the operator of a machine that is driven thereby. to

Briefly speaking,- my invention consists in providing a circuit having relatively large resistance in shunt relation to the armature, providing a hand-operated dial switch for simultaneously changing the value of resistance in series and in shunt with the motor armature, and further providing additional means for shunting resistance during the initial starting period of the motor and for reinserting the resistance after the motor begins to run. A double throw contactor is so arranged between the armature circuit and the shunt circuit that, by actuating it, a large portion of the resistor in the shunt circuit may be connected in series with the armature.

Fora-better understanding of my invention, reference may be made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Serioi li o. GEQEEZQ.

i is a scher sic view stricter-coritroll system emo h of the necessary es of my iiive once chart show c shunt o re" re circuit e resistor 23 consists o. resistor sec "maller resistors 26 2?, The resi or 25 is rrovicled with taps or condo tors 25o, 255, 2512 2565 2563 25% 253g, 25k and. having contact terminals for shunting por""ohs of the resistor 25, The re 25 and conductors are, in actual practice, oo manually-operated dial switch or rhecstat 28 which is employed for. changing the resistance in series with the motor srmatcre A plurality of contactors are employed for controlling the main circuits or the motor-control system. They comprise aline contactor 5, a contsctor 6 in series with. the resistor 25., a contactor 7 for controlling a circuit to shunt a portion of the resistor 25, a contactor 8 for connecting the resistors 25 and 26 in series with the armature 20, a contactor 1A mechanically connected to the contactor 8 in a familiar mannemfor controlling the main-armature circuit, contactors 11, 12 and 13 for shunting portions of the resistor Q1 and contractor 14 for shunting the fieldrheostat 15.

These contactors are controlled from a push-button switchhoard 29 hevin ushhuttons 30, 331 32, 33 and 34 mount t eroon, by means of auxiliary circuits which will he hereinafter described The push buttons 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34: are the well-lmown stop the start, the jog, the slow and the fast buttons, respectively. For

winding 2 I,

the sake of clearness, only those auxiliary circuits are shown which are necessary to illustrate my invention, the other auxiliary circuits being arranged in accordance with standard practice.

If an operator of a clothrinting machine desires to have the mac ine run but a very short interval of time, such, for example, as when feeding a new roll of cloth into the machine, he presses the jog or inch button 32, which establishes a. circuit from line conductor 35, through conductor 36, contact bridge 32a, in its lower position, conductors 39 and 40, actuating coil 41 of the line cont-actor 5 and conductor 42 to line conductor 45. When the circuit is completed, the actuating coil 41 is energized and the line contactor 5 is closed.

By pressing the jog button 32, a second circuit is established from; the line condoctor 35, through conductor 36, contact bridge 32a, conductors 39 and 46, contact bridge 47a of a relay 47, conductor 48, switch 286, which is normally closed, actuating coil 49 of the relay 6 and conductor 50 to the line conductor 45, thereby closing contactor 6.

A third circuit is completed, by pressing jog button 32, from the line conductor 35,

through conductor 36, contact bridge 32a, conductors 39 and 53, actuating coil 54 of the contactor 8 and conductor 42 to line conductor 45. The completion of this circuit causes the actuating coil 54 to close the contactor 8.

By closing contactors 5, 6 and 8, a. series armature circuit, a shunt circuit 22 around the armature, and a shunt fieldmagneo winding circuit are established. (See Fig. 4 of the drawings.) The armature circuit extends from the line conductor 35, through contact bridge 5a, resistors 25, and 26, conductors 61, contact bridge 8a, conductor 62, armature 20, conductors 66 and 67, starting resistor 21, conductors 68 and 70, actuating coil 71 of the switch 14 and conductors 73 and 42, to line conductor 45.

The'parellel circuit 22 extends from line conductor 35, through contact bridge C o, re sisters 25, 26 and 27 and contest 6:2 to line conductor 45.

The field-magnet winding 24- is energized. through. a circuit extending from has conductor 35, throu h contact bridge 5c, conductor 78, shunt neid-msgnet wind- 24 rheostat arm 81, resistance element conductors 73 and 42, to line conan ductor 45.

The first rush of current through the armature circuit will energize the actuating coil 71 of the contactor 14, which-controls the circuit for shunting the field rheostat, by contact bridge 14a, thereby permitting a stronger magnetic field for the motor.

No current will traverse the hand dial switch 28, since the contactor 1A was opened when the contactor 8 closed. There fore, the current traversing the motor armature 20 will be limited by reason of the employment of the resistors 25 and 26 and the starting resistor 21. The shunt circuit, comprising the resistor 27 and the contactor 6 also limits the ap lied armature voltage and correspondingly decreases the current traversing the armature 20.

It is apparent from the above description that the effect of ressing the jog button 32 is to ener 'ze ful y the field-magnet winding 24 an to pass a limited current through the armature circuit. The efi'ect of these conditions is to start the motor at a low speed, with relatively great torque.

The contactcrs 5, 6, 8 and 14 open as soon as the jog button 32 is released, thereby deenergizing all circuits and stopping the motor. The actuating coil 54 for the contactor 8 may be energized only by pressing the jog button 32; under all other conditions the contractor 8 is open and the contactor 1A. is closed.

Vhen the jog button is in its normal or upper position, a circuit is established from the line conductor 35, through conductor 36, contact bridge 32a, conductor 88, holding (301i 89 for the contactors 1A and 8 and conductor 42 to line conductor 45. This holding coil 89 is energized as long as a line swlwh (not shown :for the line conductors 35 and 45 is closed The motor is started by pressin the start button 31. This action establis cs a. circuit (not shown, as it may be arranged in any well known manner) throu h the actuating coil 41, thereby closing -t e contactor 5. The closing of the contactor 5 estab lishes a circuit from the line conductor 35, through contact bridge resistor 25, conductor 252', manually 0 rated arm 28a, conductor 91, contact bridge 1a, conductor 62, armature 20, conductors 66 and 67, starting resistor 21, conductors 68 and 70, actuating coil 71 and conductors 73 and 42. to line condoctor 45 see F 5 of the drawin s).

The actuating 93 of the relay 47 is so zed by "'erencc in potential at .e ends of the starting resistor 21 that contact bridge 47a is actuated fmm its lower to upper position. The bridge 47 a is maintained in. that position for a few seconds until the growing counter E. F. of the motor sufiiciently decreases the energization of the coil 93 to cause the relay 47 to assume its lower position. The circuit for energizing the actuating coil 93 extends from conductor 66 at one end of the resistor 21 through conductor 94, resistor 95, conductor 96, actuating coil 93, conductor 97 .to condoctor at the other end of the resistor 21.

When the relay 4? is actuated from its lower position, the circuit, comprising contact bridge 47a, conductor 48 and actuating coil 49, is broken, and the contactor 6 opens When the relay 47 amumes its upper position, a circuit is established from the line conductor 35, through conductor 98, contact hrid e 47a, conductor 99, actuating coil 100 of tile contactor 7 and conductors 101 and 50, to line conductor 45', thereby closing the contactor 7. V

The contactors ,6 and 8 being open and the contactor 7 being closed, an armature circuit is established from the line conductor 35, through conductor 102, contact bridge a, conductor 103, a relatively small portion of resistor 25, conductor 252', arm 28a, conductor 91, contact bridgela of the contactor 8, conductor 62, armature 20, conductors to and 67, starting resistor 21, conductors 08 and 70, actuating coil 71 of the switch 11 and conductors 73 and 12 to line conductor 45 (see Fig. 5 of the drawings).

- The contactor 11 is closed by the heavy rush of current in the series coil 71, thereby shunting the field rheostat 15. The shunt field-magnet winding 24: is fully energized by the field rheos-tat 15 being shunted and, since the armature circuit is traversed by a relatively large starting current, hecause of a relatively large portion of the resister 25 being shunted mil the parallel circuit 22 being (lo-energized by contactors 0 and 8 being open, a large starting torque is reduced by the motor 1.

fter the voltage across the resistor 21 decreased suficiently to safely permit closure of the contoctorll, the contact 17s opens and breaks the circuit comprising actuating coil of the contactor 7. ho contso tor 7 is thus caused to open, thereby breaking the shunt circuit across part of the resistor 25, and the resistor 25 is thus connected series relation with the armature 20. The motor is subjected'to the initial rush of current only during the interval of the time that the relay 47 is in its upper nosition. When the relay 47 returns to its lower position,

contactor 6 is closed, thereby establishing the shunt circuit 22 around the armature 20 and the starting resistor .21 (see 0 of the drawings).

The starting resistor 21, which is in series with the motor armature 20, is shunted loy the closure of contactors 11, 12 and 13., These contactors are controlled hy s relay 104, which is adapted to efiect the closure of the oontactom11,-12 and 13 as the counter .1 M. F. of themotor 20 increases The relay 104 may be of the DeCamp type, which is fully described in copendi-ng-applications of Ray E. DeCamp, filed June 21, 1918 and November 11, 1919, bearing Serial Nos- 2 11,- 259 and 337,175, respectively, and assigned to the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company. I

The relay 1041s provided with actuating cells 105 and 106 (see Fig. 2 of the drawings). The coil 105 is energized when a circuit is established from the conductor 40, which is energized by means of the start button 31, through conductor 107, contact bridge 33a of the slow push button 33, conductor 108, actuating coil 105 of the relay 104, and conductors 110, 73 and 4-2, to line conductor The circuit of coil 106 comprises conductor 60, the armature end of the starting resistor 21, conductor 111, actuating coil 106, resistor 113, conductors 110 and 73 and the starting resistor 21.

l yhen the actuating coil 106 is sufiiciently ole-energized, on account of the decreased potential drop across the starting resistor 21,

to permit the contact bridge 104a to assume its first closed position, a circuit is established from the line conductor 35, through condncmrs 86,115 and 117, actuating coil 118 of the contactor 11, conductor 119, contact terminal 120, contact bridge 104s and conductors 121 and 50, to line conductor 15.

When the contactor 11 is closed by the actuating coil 118 being energized, a portion starting resistor 21 is shunted by a circuit established from conductor 06, through contact disl: 11c and conductor 12%, to the starting resistor 21,

second portion or the starting resistor 21 is shunted when the relay 101 assumes its second closed position, because of the coil 100 losing still further ole-energized. The ccntactor is closed by a circuit losing est blished non the line conductor 35 tin gh conductors 36 and 115, actuating coil 120 of the contact/or 12, conductor 127, contact terminal 128, contact bridge 10 1s and conductors 121 and 50, to line conductor en the contactor 12 is closed, a shunt circuit is established from the conductor 60, through bridges 110i and 12a, conductors 180 131, to the starting resistor 21.

"When the relay 10 1 occupies its third closed position, circuit is established "from the line conductor 35, through conductors Eidund 115, actuating coil 183 of the contactor 13, conductor 18%, contact terminal 185, contact bridge 10 1c and conductors 121 and 50, to line conductor 45, thereby closing the contactor 18. The starting resistor 21 is completely shunted, when the contactcr 13 is closed, by a circuit from conductor 06, through contact bridges '11aand 12c, conductor 130, contact bridge 13a and conductor 136, to conductor 08 (see Fig.7 of the draw- The speed oiE-the motor may be increased by so actuatin the arm 28oz of the hand-operated dial switch 28 that the resistor 25 1s gradually removed from the armature cirrect y across the line conductors 35 and 45.

contactor 14, thereby breaking the shunt circuit around the field rheostat 15. Fig. 7 of the drawings.)

he steps in starting the motor may thus be summarized, as, first, connectin' two starting resistors in series with a motor armature; second, shunting a large portion of one or" the resistors; third, after the motor has started to run, reinserting the portion of the resistor that is shunted; fourth, establishing a circuit parallel to the motor armature; fifth, shunting one 01': the resistors by contactors controlled by the counter E. M. F. generated by the motor and, lastly, shuntin the other resistor by means of a manual y-controlled dial switch.

It is apparent from the above description that a motor controlled by a system constructed in accordance with my invention will have a great range of speed and power, thereby permitting the rolls of the printing machine which it operates to turn very slowly, when adjusting the printing material, and very fast, when full running speed is desired.

While I have shown my invention in a preferred form, various modifications in the apparatus and control circuits may be made without departing from the spirit thereof. I desire, therefore, to be limited only by the scripe of the appended claims.

claim as my invention:

1. The combination with a motor armature and a resistor in shunt relation thereto,

of means for gradually connecting said armature in series relation with a portion of said resistor and means comprising a switch for rendering said means inoperative and for connecting a difierent portion of said resistor in series relation with said armature.

2. The combination with a motor armature and a circuit in parallel relation thereto, of a resistor in said parallel circuit, means comprising a rheostatic device for gradually connecting a portion of said resistor in said armature circuit and means for rendering said means inoperative and for connecting a larger portion of said resistor in series relation with said armature.

3. The combination with a motor armature and a startin resistor in series therewith, of a second circuit in parallel relation to said armature and said resistor, a second resistor in series with said second circuit, and means for connecting a portion of said second resistor in series with said motor armature.

4. The combination with a motor armature, of a shunt circuit around said armature and provided with a resistor, means for connecting a portion of said resistor in series with said armature, and means for connecting an additional portion of said resistor in series with said armature.

5. The combination with a circuit comprising a motor armature, of a second cirin parallel relation to said armature circuiu and comprising a resistor, means for connecting a portion of said. resistor in series with said armature, and a contactor for disconnecting said portion of said resister from said armature circuit and for connecting a larger portion of said resistor in series with said armature.

6. The combination with a circuit comprising a motor armature, of a second circuit in parallel relation to said armature circuit and comprising a resistor, manually operable means for connecting portions of said reslstor in series with said armature circuit and a contactor for connecting a larger rtion of said resistor, including said portions controlled by said manually operable means, in series with said armature circuit.

7. The combination with a dynamo-electric machine and a resistor electrically mnnected thereto, of means actively responsive to the starting 0 eration of said dynamoelectric machine or shunting a portion of said resistor and for reconnecting said portion of said resistor to said machine rior to the attainment thereby of a pre etermined speed.

8. The combination with a motor having an armature and a resistor connected in series therewith, of means controlled by said dynamo-electric machine for shunting a portion of said resistor when starting said machine and for reconnecting said portion of said resistor in series with said motor prior to the attainment thereby of full speed.

9. The combination with a motor having an armature, a starting resistor in series with said armature and an additional resistor in series with said armature, of means for effectingthe starting of said motor, of means independent of said starting means for shunting said additional resistor at the instant of starting said motor and reconnecting said additional resistor in series with said armature prior to the attainment of a predetermined s d by said motor.

10. The combination with a motor havin an armature, a starting resistor in series witfi said armature and an additional resistor in series therewith, of means controlled by said startin resistor for shunting a portion of said a ditional resistor when first starting said motor and for reconnecting said portion of said additional resistor in series with saidmotor rior to the attainment of full speed by sai motor.

11. The combination with a motor having an armature, a starting resistor in series said starting resistor for closing. said contactor during the initial stage of starting said motor.

12. The combination with a motor having .an armature, a starting resistor in series withsaid armature and an additional resistor in a circuit in parallel relation thereto, of means for connecting a portion of said second resistor in series with said armature, means controlled by said starting resistor for shunting a portion of said additional resistor from said armature circuit during the startin of said motor, and means controlled by sai starting resistor for disconnecting said additional resistor from said parallel circuit.

13. The combination with a motor having an armature, a starting resistor connected in series with said armature, and a parallel circuit connected across said armature and said starting resistor, of an additional resistor connected in series with said parallel circuit,

means for connecting a portion of said additional resistor in series with said armature, a contactor for shunting a portion of said additional resistor during the starting of said motor, a second contactor for opening and closin said parallel circuit, and a rela controlle by said starting resistor for closing said first contactor and opening said second contactor when starting said motor.

14. The combination with a dynamo-electric machine and a resistor electrically connected thereto, of automatic means for shunting a portion of said resistor in starting said machine and for reconnecting said portion of said resistor to said machine prior to its attaining full speed.

15. The combination with a dynamo-electric machine and a resistor electrically connected thereto, of automatic means for shunting a portion of said resistor in starting said machine and for reconnecting said portion to said machine prior to its attaining fullspeed, and means independent of said first means for subsequently shunting said portion of resistor.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day of July REESE T. KINTZING. 

